Introduction
Child support is financial support paid by a parent to help support
a child or children of whom they do not have custody. Child support
may also include the provision of medical support, usually in the
form of health insurance coverage. As of 2003, the Census Bureau
reports that 26% of children under 21 lived with a custodial parent while
the other parent lived elsewhere. Sixty percent of these families were
awarded child support, and of those, just over 45% received the full
amount due.
The federal government's Child Support Enforcement (CSE) and Paternity Establishment program began in 1975 with the intent to reduce government spending on welfare by obtaining support from non-custodial parents. Child support enforcement agencies in each state locate non-custodial parents or putative fathers, establish, enforce, and modify child support, and collect and distribute child support money. These agencies are operated by state or local government according to the Child Support Enforcement Program guidelines as set forth in Title IV-D of the Social Security Act.
Sources:
Custodial
Mothers and Fathers and Their Child Support: 2003, U.S. Census
Bureau; Glossary of Child Support Terms, Office of Child Support Enforcement
Frequently Asked Questions
Funding
Family Unification Program (FUP)
Vouchers to public housing authorities which provides rental assistance to families whose lack of adequate housing is a primary cause of parents being separated or near-separated from their children.
Inactive Funding
Inactive Funding Opportunities -
Lists additional funding programs for this topic that are not currently accepting applications. Programs that are inactive may be offered again in the future.
Regulations, Forms & Other Useful Documents
Child Support Provisions in the Deficit Reduction Act
Sponsoring organization: Center for Law and Social Policy
Overview of the child support, fatherhood and marriage provisions of the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 (DRA).
Date: 06 / 2006
Custodial Mothers and Fathers and Their Child Support: 2003
Sponsoring organization: U.S. Census Bureau
Focuses on the child support income that custodial parents reported receiving from non-custodial parents living in other households, as well as other support, such as health insurance and noncash assistance. Includes demographic information.
Date: 07 / 2006
Handbook on Child Support Enforcement
Sponsoring organization: Office of Child Support Enforcement
Guide for parents to help them get the child support payments their children need. Includes information on establishing parentage and on collecting child support. Provides information for both custodial and non-custodial parents.
Date: 2005
Social Security Act, Title IV-D: Child Support and Establishment of Paternity
Sponsoring organization: Social Security Administration
Describes the federal and state child support and paternity establishment activities set forth in the Social Security Act. This section of the Act requires that each state create a program to locate non-custodial parents, establish paternity, establish and enforce child support obligations, and collect and distribute support payments.
Support Providers: 2002
Sponsoring organization: U.S. Census Bureau
Provides demographic and economic information about child support providers, those paying for the support of a child or children under 21 years of age who live in another household.
Date: 02 / 2005
Organizations
National Child Support Enforcement Association (NCSEA)
National organization
Works to promote the well-being of children through professional development of its membership, advocacy and public awareness. Represents the child support community.
Office of Child Support Enforcement (OCSE)
Federal government
Works to assure that assistance in obtaining support (both financial and medical) is available to children through locating parents, establishing paternity and support obligations, and enforcing those obligations. Part of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families.
Terms & Acronyms
Child Support Financial support paid by a parent to help support a child or children of whom they do not have custody.
Federal Parent Locator Service (FPLS) A computerized national location network operated by the Federal Office of Child Support (OCSE). FPLS obtains address and employer information, as well as data on child support cases in every state, compares them and returns matches to the appropriate states to help child support enforcement agencies. Includes the Federal Case Registry (FCR) and the National Directory of New Hires (NDNH).
Medical Support A form of child support where medical or dental insurance coverage is paid by the non-custodial parent.
Non-custodial Parent (NCP) The parent who does not have primary care, custody, or control of the child, and has an obligation to pay child support.
Paternity Establishment The legal establishment of fatherhood for a child.
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